DOSAGE INDEX / SINGLE
MOTS-C
Research, reported schedules and supply planning.
Explore MOTS-c metabolic research, mouse performance findings, human exercise observations and FDA evidence gaps without overstating clinical benefits.
Source: PeptideDosages.com. Independently written summaries of reported protocols, not validated treatment recommendations. Reviewed for transcription on September 21, 2026.
Research Protocol & Dosage
Source-reported examples · not treatment recommendations
Reported example 1
- Amount
- 0.5–2 mg per day
- Frequency
- Once daily
- Cycle / observation period
- 4–8 weeks, then an equally long pause
- Route / research model
- Subcutaneous
Other vial pages on the same site use 0.2–1 mg daily and longer courses. Those differences are not reconciled by vial strength.
Reported example 2
- Amount
- 0.2–1 mg per day
- Frequency
- Once daily
- Cycle / observation period
- 8–12 weeks; source also mentions 16 weeks
- Route / research model
- Subcutaneous
The 5 mg vial page gives a different range and course length.
Reported example 3
- Amount
- 0.2–1 mg per day
- Frequency
- Once daily
- Cycle / observation period
- Gradual changes over about 10 weeks in the retrieved source excerpt
- Route / research model
- Subcutaneous
The 5 mg vial page gives a different range and course length.
Titration & progression
A dose range is not a titration schedule. No independently verified stepwise escalation has been established for this source-reported regimen.
Supply & Planning
Compare vial strengths here. A different vial size changes the available material, not the biological dose.
Diluent & formulation
Diluent compatibility is formulation-specific. A verified manufacturer instruction is still needed before bacteriostatic water or another diluent can be listed as suitable for this research material.
Vial comparison
No single complete schedule is resolved for this entry. Enter a documented total to compare strengths; the calculator does not select a regimen.
| Vial strength | Vials needed |
|---|---|
| 5 mg | Enter a total |
| 10 mg | Enter a total |
| 20 mg | Enter a total |
| 40 mg | Enter a total |
Enter a positive material total.
Material minimum only: round total material ÷ vial content up to a whole vial. Actual supply may be higher because of single-use packaging, discard dates, dead space or losses. No validated multi-use storage period is assumed.
Reported Research Results
Selected observations from the cited research. Each finding retains its study population, formulation and limitations.
- In separate experiments within the 2021 paper, administered MOTS-c improved selected performance measures in mice. Young-mouse grip strength and learning measures were not improved in the reported tests. Late-life treatment improved several physical measures, while the overall survival-curve analysis was not statistically significant, P = .23. [3]
- A 2019 study used metabolomic analysis in diet-induced obese mice and reported changes in selected lipid-related pathways after MOTS-c administration. The authors connected these findings with improved insulin sensitivity and altered fat metabolism in that model. [4]
- In its May 11, 2026 evaluation prepared for the July Pharmacy Compounding Advisory Committee meeting, FDA reported that it had not identified clinical studies or human exposure data evaluating administered MOTS-c for the assessed uses. It also identified missing pharmacokinetic and safety information and uncertainty about potential immunogenicity. [7]
Sourcing & Vendor Information
No compound-specific affiliate destination is listed here yet. Browse the Vendors Index for the available supplier records and disclosed relationships.
Sources & Further Reading
Medical publications and supporting literature from the corresponding protocol bibliographies, combined across vial strengths. Supplier and commercial catalog references are excluded. Duplicate destinations appear once. Inclusion does not mean that a paper validates the reported dose, or that an ingredient study tests the finished blend.
Bibliography checked September 22, 2026: 96 entries mapped from 4 source pages. Medical and supporting references are retained below; supplier entries are excluded.
- Discovery and metabolic experiments, 2015
- Nuclear-signaling experiments, 2018
- Exercise and animal-performance research, 2021
- Mouse metabolomics, 2019
- Pediatric observational study, 2018
- Pediatric vascular association study, 2023
- FDA May 2026 evaluation
- Journal of Translational Medicine (2023)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation (2021)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- CDCGeneral guidance · Listed in reference bibliography.
- CDCGeneral guidance · Listed in reference bibliography.
- NCBI BookshelfFurther reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry (2019)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- PMC (Pharmacologic Review)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Lee et al. (2015) : Original MOTS-C mouse experiments with exact CD-1 and C57BL/6 intraperitoneal exposures, frequencies, and durations.Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Reynolds et al. (2021) : Mouse physical-performance and aging experiments plus endogenous MOTS-C exercise measurements in ten healthy young men.Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- U.S. Food and Drug Administration : Safety-risk page reporting that FDA had not identified human exposure data for native MOTS-C by any route.Regulatory / product information · Listed in reference bibliography.
- MOTS-C NOD Mouse Study (2025) : NOD mouse experiment using 0.5 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally from 7 to 18 weeks of age.Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Cell Metabolism (2015) — The mitochondrial-derived peptide MOTS-c promotes metabolic homeostasis and reduces obesity and insulin resistance (Lee C, Zeng J, Drew BG, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Journal of Molecular Medicine (2019) — MOTS-c peptide regulates adipose homeostasis to prevent ovariectomy-induced metabolic dysfunction (Lu H, Wei M, Zhai Y, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Nature Communications (2021) — MOTS-c is an exercise-induced mitochondrial-encoded regulator of age-dependent physical decline and muscle homeostasis (Reynolds JC, Lai RW, Woodhead JST, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Frontiers in Physiology (2023) — Role of MOTS-c in the regulation of bone metabolism (Yi X, Hu G, Yang Y, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- USADA Spirit of Sport (2023) — What is the MOTS-c peptide? – U.S. Anti-Doping Agency education articleFurther reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- Experimental & Molecular Medicine (2025) — Mitochondrial-encoded peptide MOTS-c prevents pancreatic islet cell senescence to delay diabetes (Kong BS, Lee H, L'Yi S, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
- MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia (2023) — Subcutaneous (SQ) injections – Patient instructions for proper techniqueGeneral guidance · Listed in reference bibliography.
- International Journal of Molecular Sciences (2022) — MOTS-c, the Most Recent Mitochondrial Derived Peptide in Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases (Mohtashami Z, Singh MK, Salimiaghdam N, et al.)Further reading · Listed in reference bibliography.
Reported schedule reference: PeptideDosages.com. Research findings are summarized independently from the listed sources.